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Figure 5 In another approach, biotinyl-spermine (biotine-spm) and in vivo expressed E

Attachment of BR to receptor kinase of plant cells enhances the level of H 2 O 2 in them and subsequently stimulates the oxidative alteration of the vital transcription factors engaged in BR signalling pathways, which ultimately upregulate the development of root meristem [59, 60]

Image fields with two nuclei or fewer were excluded from analysis

Practically, distinguishing signalling from damage relies on complementary readouts: signalling proxies include reversible cysteine oxidation captured by redox proteomics, the redox state of peroxiredoxins, compartment-targeted H 2 O 2 reporters and phospho-signatures downstream of redox-sensitive kinases